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Arcadia Split Significance - Literature Essay Samples

The parallel and overall relation of time is a phenomenon that has been explored from both creative and philosophical perspectives. By forming a connection between the impacts of action, in hand with the various possible outcomes, Tom Stoppard creates a dramatic piece that challenges the very basis of human life itself. Stoppard’s thrilling drama, Arcadia, primarily serves to discuss the relationship between science and the progress of life†¦proposing that the past is significant, but only in moving us forward. The story exemplifies that time must still move on from what is already tangible, and civilization must persist to expand the limits of knowledge, otherwise time will be doomed to repeat itself. In Arcadia, Stoppard accentuates the concept of ambiguity within human knowledge, furthering the idea that a fair amount of what is known to be is still questioned. By incorporating the dichotomy into the play between the past and present, this ambiguity is able to flower into a conjectural nightmare for the characters in the play, initially. Drawing into the theory of determinism, Stoppard proves the chaos that is to arise out of attempting to know what can’t truly be ever known, which in turn formulates an ingenious incorporation of irony into the play by allowing the audience to fall into the same trap as the characters. The audience must accept that ambiguity is present, just as the charactersotherwise they will fall victim to the conflict that those of Septimus and Thomasina, or Valentine and Hannah, faced during intervals of their desperation for expanded intellect. As Septimus comes to realize by the end of the play, â€Å"the Improved Newtonian Universe must cease and grow cold. Dear me† (Stoppard 98). Stepping into the realm of acceptance that knowing everything is useless, for all will come to an endthat all must come to a concluding fate in life, expresses Septimus’ and Thomasina’s acceptance that time must move forward, and that all knowledge just simply cannot be completely known. Septimus embraces ideas similar to the concept of stoicism, learning to painfully accept ambiguity, claiming how â€Å"When we have found all the mysteries and lost all the meaning, we will be alone, on an empty shore† (Stoppard 98). Time must run the full circle inevitably, so as all come to accept this unfortunate fate and learn to come to terms with incomplete intellectual satisfactionthe two parallels, each from different eras coming to split the stage, as the curtain closes; this essentially, granted Stoppard the last laugh, since the audience is left to face the actuality of the situation as well due to the fact that as the waltz c omes together, the curtain closeswhich in it of itself, expresses ambiguity. Stoppard’s genius in this move allows for his incorporation of ambiguity to flourish, furthering the concept of time, and how it is destined to continue. Attempting to grasp the intangible generates another key element in Arcadia, one which Stoppard deploys in order to expand upon the notion that time is doomed to persist forward. This is the theory of determinism, which states that all of life is predestined, and that in order for life to occur in this way no deviation can arise. The entire idea of this, however, opens up various dichotomies that Stoppard elucidates throughout the play. One of these dichotomies that are particularly highlighted is the contrast of order and chaos, with its relation to the Law of Thermodynamics. In particular, through reference to both Newton’s and Clausius’ theorized concepts on the subject matter. Septimus first connects to this idea in response to Thomasina’s observation of the rice pudding stirring with the jam, where he states how â€Å"time must needs to run backward, and since it will not, we must stir our way onward mixing as we go, disorder out of disorder into disorder u ntil pink is complete, unchanging and unchangeable, and we are done with it for ever. This is known as free will or self-determination† (Stoppard 9). As a result of assimilating this theorized conclusion, the theme of the play is embodied into scientific explanation; since time is impossible to manipulate, and turn backwards, Septimus is telling Thomasina the entire theory Newton proposed on thermodynamicsthat time must run in a circle from order into chaos and once more, back into order. This entire idea is illustrated through Stoppard’s entire inclusion of the parallel between the different time periods depicted in the play, aloneand he conveys this later on in the drama, when Valentine comes to make the same discovery, just through a different theoretical take. Valentine’s conclusion occurs when he makes the observation of the tea with Hannah, and how â€Å"tea will end up at room temperature. What’s happening to your tea is happening to everything everywhere. The sun and the stars. It’ll take a while but we’re all going to end up at room temperature. When your hermit set up shop nobody understood this† (Stoppard 82). The entire idea that this proposal of Valentine embodies is connected to 19th. Century German Scientist, Rudolf Clausius’ theory on thermodynamics that states that heat can never transform from colder to warmer without some sort of other deviation, or external alteration. Overall, the notions reached from both Septimus and Valentine contribute to the fact that time will continue to move without change, and continue along its path of determinism unless of course, there is an anomaly; this is where the entire concept and almost comical affect on the subject of sex and attraction in Arcad ia are incorporated. Chloe articulates this hypothesis through asserting how the â€Å"universe is deterministic all right, just like Newton said, I mean it’s trying to be, but the only thing going wrong is people fancying people who aren’t supposed to be in that part of the plan† (Stoppard 78). Stoppard urges another point in the play within this scene, where as a reader or audience member would be set that answers were finally reached in concluding that all of life is deterministic and Stoppard could’ve easily just closed the curtain there and said â€Å"The end†but instead, another curveball is thrown and he includes sexual attraction into the pictureeveryday, ordinary circumstances among deep scientific proposals, in order to assert that no matter how far people go into thinking they know something, it is never truly truesince all components to the equation must be factored in. Stoppard is simply depicting human nature in this case, underscorin g that in order to know, one must still discover†¦and that spectrum continues infinitely. Ultimately, Stoppard shapes the underlying theme of Arcadia by incorporating multiple conceptual and theoretical ideas into the story, so they combine in a fashion that fabricates more questions for the reader or audience member to think of. This stems from the ambiguity Stoppard includes from the opening page of the book, to the final closing on the waltz. But much of the story also has root in the theory of determinism and whether or not life is predestined for allor if we are just simply pawns of our own game. It is all the same ideas towards life that Thomasina Coverly and Septimus question, Valentine and Hannah questionand all the very same ideas that to this day, as well as into the future, humans will endure to discover answers for. This is where Stoppard frames society into the greater fool, howeverbecause he knows we will question these subjects and search for the answers, but the fact of the matter is that there is none. And until there are, we are all doomed. So all of us continue in the mad search for reason, by chasing our own tailsdelving into the discoveries from our own pasts, desperately trying to shape them into answers for our future since â€Å"the unpredictable and the predetermined unfold together to make everything the way it is. It’s how nature creates itself, on every scale, the snowflake and the snowstormTo be at the beginning again, knowing almost nothing† (Stoppard 51).

The Sphinx in Greek and Egyptian Legend

There are two creatures called a sphinx. One sphinx is an Egyptian desert statue of a hybrid creature. It has a leonine body and the head of another creature -- typically, human.The other type of sphinx is a Greek demon with a tail and wings. The 2 types of sphinx are similar because they are hybrids, having body parts from more than one animal. Mythological Sphinx and Oedipus Oedipus was made famous in modern times by Freud, who based a psychological condition on Oedipus love of his mother and murder of his father. Part of Oedipus ancient legend is that he saved the day when he answered the riddle of the sphinx, who had been ravaging the countryside. When Oedipus ran into the sphinx, she asked him a riddle she did not expect him to answer. Should he fail, she would eat him. She asked, What has 4 legs in the morning, 2 at noon, and 3 at night? Oedipus answered the sphinx, Man. And with that answer, Oedipus became king of Thebes. The sphinx responded by killing herself. Great Sphinx Statue in Egypt That may have been the end of the most famous, mythological sphinx, but there were other sphinxes in art and some of them still exist. The earliest is the sphinx statue made from the native bedrock in the desert sands at Giza, Egypt, a portrait thought to be of Pharaoh Khafre (fourth king of the 4th dynasty, c. 2575 - c. 2465 B.C.). This -- the Great Sphinx -- has a lion body with a human head. The sphinx may be a funerary monument to the pharaoh and of the god Horus in its aspect as ​Haurun-Harmakhis. Winged Sphinx The sphinx made its way to Asia where it gained wings. In Crete, the winged sphinx appears on artifacts from the 16th century B.C. Shortly thereafter, around the 15th century B.C., the sphinx statues became female. The sphinx is often depicted sitting on her haunches. Great SphinxThis InterOz site says sphinx means strangler, a name given the woman/lion/bird statue by the Greeks. Site tells about repair and reconstruction efforts.Guardians SphinxPhotographs and physical description of the Great Sphinx which is thought to have been commissioned by the Fourth Dynastys King Khafre.Saving the Secrets of the SandInterview and article on Dr. Zahi Hawass, director of the Sphinx Restoration Project, by Elizabeth Kaye McCall. See Recent Interviews for more information from Dr. Hawass.Remnants of a Lost Civilization?Zahi Hawass and Mark Lehner explain why most Egyptologists ignore the early dating theories of West and Schoch -- West and Schoch ignore the evidence of Old Egyptian society.

Best Man Wedding Speech (Roast) Essay - 579 Words

Best Man Wedding Speech Ladies and Gentlemen, Its time for me to make a speech now and quite frankly, theres not a lot you can do about that. Well, if theres anybody here this evening who feels strangely nervous and apprehensive, its probably because you just went and married Bill Meyers! Sorry Lacy - Its too late now. Youre stuck with him. When it comes to Best Mans speeches there are some things in the interests of good taste, which are better left unsaid.....well, Im here to say them! Some people need no introduction....Bill Meyers needs all the introduction he can get. He could be described as charming, intelligent, witty...and perhaps one day he will be. Bill was born in October 1970. The Beatles had†¦show more content†¦Weve always got on pretty well, besides the regular traditional beatings that , by rights, older brothers dish out to younger siblings. We used to play a lot of games as kids and occasionally some of them wouldnt involve random violence. At school Bill was a very bright student, he was an avid reader and played a lot of sport....unfortunately he could also be a bit temperamental - a bit sulky and at times difficult to live with. When he was 15 mum and dad actually ran away from home! However he relaxed when he got a bit older. He went to Australia and happily, as we all know the lovely Miss Elliot came into his life. So now Bill is married to a wonderful person....unfortunately Lacys not that lucky. Nevertheless, I thought today was fantastic and worked out really well. You know, it was quite apt that Bill got married in a winery...after all, he does like a drink..and whats wrong with that? Most of the time he doesnt drink anything stronger than pop.... Mind you, Pop will drink anything. There is a gym at Bills place but he prefers to use his own parallel bars...one for brandy and one for scotch! He is very conscious of his diet though. Everyday he eats something from one of the four main food groups - Mc.Donalds, Burger King, Wimpy and KFC. In all seriousness though, Im convinced Lacy and Bill are right for each other - and thats not an insult to you Lacy! I think its wonderfulShow MoreRelatedAbout Schmidt Essay1315 Words   |  6 PagesAbout Schmidt This movie is about a sixty-six year old man named Warren Schmidt who’s a recently retired and widowed. Suddenly he finds himself left alone to face the loss and changes in his life. He decides to take a road trip to visit places that he had not been to for a long times and do some sightseeing before heading off to Denver for his daughter’s wedding. The film starts off with Schmidt’s last day at work before his retirement, we see him sittingRead MoreFrench Terms for Ib Sl French B8316 Words   |  34 Pagesare those that are written similarly to their English counterparts, but pronounced in a markedly different way. At Higher tier, candidates should know how to interpret suffixes as linguistic markers showing relationships between different parts of speech and have an awareness of the function of prefixes to modify the meaning of the root: e.g. rà ©server à ¼bernachten producir rà ©servation ÃÅ"bernachtung reducir introducir place rà ©servà ©e Page 4 of 52 GCSE French General Vocabulary List  © OCR 2009 FrenchRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pages.......................................................................... 14 6. Grammatical sketch .................................................................................................................................. 15 6.1 Parts of speech ..................................................................................................................................... 15 6.2 Verbs....................................................................................................Read MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesSoftware Piracy 586 Copyright Protection Patent Protection 586 586 Digital Entertainment Piracy 587 Internet File Sharing 587 Ethical Questions 589 Other Social Issues 589 Access to the Technology 589 Freedom of Speech 590 Hazards of Inaccuracy 590 Impact on Workers The Future 590 591 Review Questions 591 †¢ Discussion Questions 592 †¢ Bibliography 592 569 xiii xiv Contents ̈ CASE STUDY IV-1 The Clarion School for Boys, Inc.—Milwaukee

Marketing Strategies Nonprofit Organizations

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Strategies for Nonprofit Organizations. Answer: Introduction Every organization develops several new products and services so that it can achieve higher growth and sustainability whether its a profit organization or a NPO. Oxfam is a charitable organization which made several efforts to eradicate poverty and to support the livelihood of individuals. The purpose of this report is to develop a marketing plan for a new product for the Oxfam shop. The new product is the paper bags which will be made by those individuals living below poverty line so that they can earn their livelihood. The report will provide information of the company through its situational analysis by using SWOT technique. Further the report will highlight the target market, competitors, marketing mix, financial planning and the issues related with the launching of the product. Overview of the Organization Oxfam is a globally recognized association which has its presence in around 94 nations through outs 17 affiliates. The association was established in the year 1942 by Cecil Jackson-Cole. The purpose of existence of this organization is to provide a solution to the rapidly increasing problem i.e. poverty. The association help the individuals living below poverty line to have a safer and secure future and livelihood and have an equal access to their human rights. There are several events and charitable programs organized by the association to support the individuals and provide them with monetary support (OXFAM International, 2016). Swot Analysis of Oxfam Supporters and network: The organization possess international network of great supporters and affiliates which are highly effective and provides huge brand credibility to the organization. Goals and Values: The goals and values of the organization are clearly defined which helps in enhancing the motivation of the buyers to have trust over the brand. The organization makes its objectives and functioning clear through its defined goals and values (Oxfam International, 2015). Organizational History: The history of the organization is considered as one of its assets as the organization has undertaken several programs and realized huge success in its earlier period. Diversified Portfolio: The organization has a diversified portfolio which helps in catering the needs and requirements of extensive customer segments (Neuman, 2014). Weaknesses Safety Concern: It is one of the biggest weaknesses of the organization that it does not possess appropriate volunteer and employee safety concerns. No adequate measures have been taken b y the organization to provide an improved and safer environment to the volunteers and employees. Accountability and Consistency: Oxfam as an organization as well as the affiliates both highly lacks in maintaining accountability and consistency in the overall operations. Increased Competition: There are many other retail organizations as well as NPOs in the which gives a tough competition to Oxfam. This competition is considerably one major weakness of the organization. Crisis Planning: the organization has no adequate crisis plans for any non-happening event. There are no appropriate strategies or crisis planning by which the organization can manage the state of crisis (Lambell, et al., 2008). Presence as Retail Store: The organization is mostly recognized for its working as a not for profit organization rather than its retailing business. The retail presence of the organization is much less in comparison with other retail organizations. Opportunities Safety commitment: the organization has an opportunity to grow and have higher trust of the individuals by improving and committing towards the safety of the volunteers and the employees. The organization can implement appropriate strategies so that the employees as well as the volunteers can have a safer environment at the work place and at several events (Raworth, 2012). Guidelines establishment: the organization can have much effective operations by implementing several guidelines regarding the accountability of the organization and affiliates. Increased advertisements: the organization must enhance its advertising as Oxfam is only recognized for its charitable work thus it is necessary that to enhance its presence there must be taken use of more advertising strategies and promotional activities (Lawson, et al., 2008). Brand recognition in retail sectors: in the retail sector Oxfam is not well recognized because of the fact that the organization is recognized as a not for profit organization. Thus to have higher sales and revenues and to accomplish the goals in a much faster way it is necessary for Oxfam to improve its brand image in the retail sector. Community Support: The community support is one of the most vital things which are required to have continuous growth and future sustainability. But in case of Oxfam the organization lacks this support which is substantially a threat for the organization. Commitment of volunteers and employees: Both the volunteers as well as the employees do not have a reliable commitment towards the organization. This is one of the major threats as without their commitment the organization cannot grow and succeed in longer time frame. There are high chances that the employees and the volunteers can switch to another organization if they found it much better and safer place to work (Lewis, 2010). Higher market competition: the competitors mainly in the retail sector are able to provide the customers with more quality products and services. Thus it becomes difficult for Oxfam to retain its customers. And this increased competition brings number of threats for the growth of the organization. Competitor Analysis of Oxfam If the competitor analysis is performed of Oxfam it can be clear that Amazon and eBay are the two biggest competitors of Oxfam in the retail sector. And in the charitable i.e. NPO sector the competitors of Oxfam are Human Rights Campaign, Feeding America, American Red Cross etc. These are the big charitable organization that work for social welfare and gives a striving competition to Oxfam (Aldashev and Verdier, 2009). Setting up of Objectives and Goals The purpose and objective of Oxfam is to reduce and eradicate poverty in the entire world. The organization strives hard to develop solutions so that there cannot remain any injustice of poverty in the global world. The organization helps individuals to have a sustainable future which is completely secure and free of poverty. The primary and chief goal of Oxfam is to develop an optimistic change and modification in the individuals lives that are experiencing poverty. The organization has participated in several events and programs to uplift the people and provide them with basic amenities and a secure livelihood. The goal and the objective of this marketing plan is to eradicate and reduce poverty by providing g some business to the people who live below poverty line and provide them a source of earning. And for this the organization is planning to launch a new product in the Oxfam shop. The new product is the paper bags with quotes and paintings. These paper bags will be developed through machines but with the efforts of those individuals who cannot earn their livelihood. Thus it is the objective of the marketing plan (Chew and Osborne, 2009). Target Market The paper bag product is one of those products which have a very straight forward market. There is hardly any supermarket, grocery, departmental or pharmaceutical store which will not be taking use of the paper bags for their products for the purpose of carrying goods and groceries by the customers. Oxfam has its renowned presence cross the globe and there will be several potential clients for the companies such as the various retail organizations, corporations and supermarket chains. The organizations which are related to fast moving consumer goods are one of the make target market for this new product of Oxfam (Oxfam Trailwalker, 2016). The individuals also prefer using the paper bags more in comparison with the plastic bags. Hence all these are the target market of Oxfam for its new product i.e. paper bags. Oxfam is known for its charitable services more than the retailing business, hence it is required that the new product can help in providing justice to the people and help them in improving their livelihood. The paper bags are the products which have an increasing demand in the societies as in various countries the Governments have banned the use of plastic bags. In that situation companies are moving towards the use of cloth-made or paper bags. These are easy to made and require no technological so that the individuals living under poverty line can make it easily with basic trainings (McLeish, 2010). The product will be for several uses such as food storage bags, bags for grocery, merchandise bags, packaging and customized bags. The promotion and publicity is the key stone to make the product well recognized in the market and help the individuals in earning a source of livelihood. To make the product i.e. paper bags popular there are several promotional strategies which will be used by the organization (Davies, 2012). Promotional techniques such as suing word of mouth promotion from the several faithful customers, advertisements on community based TV stations, radio stations and newspapers. The social media platforms are another source of promotion such as Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube etc. The organization can also take use of billboards and banners (Winston and Kinzey, 2013). There can also be distribution of free samples to several customer groups for fascinating customers. The various stores as well as corporate organizations can also be approached for taking use of these paper bags. Aside from the promotions price is another vital element which depicts the future sakes of the product. As Oxfam is a charitable organization thus the product will be made available at the most cheapest price in comparison with other organizations that perform similar business. The starting price of the paper bag will be $5.00 and with the change in size the prices will vary. Thus it is one of the most feasible price at which the individuals will be able to get the paper bags and give support in the achievement of the aim of uplifting the societies and individuals living in poverty. The price is the main factor which can attract number of customers and companies to buy these paper bags. The place is another important factor over which the sales of the paper bags depend a lot. The organization will promote and sell its products on both the platforms i.e. online and physical stores. The physical stores can be at various supermarkets, departmental stores, electronic stores, and pharmaceutical and groceries stores. These are the potential and target places for the products to get higher sales and brand recognition in the market (Pope, Isely and Asamoa?Tutu, 2009). Financial Planning of the Marketing plan The total budget for developing the marketing plan is $100,000 which is substantially a good amount for the set objective. The plan is creative, fun as well as practical as the individuals are required to develop a basic learning to make a paper bag which is a practical idea for the development of product. The fun element is the artisan or the painting work which children can enjoy by making drawings on the paper bags. Its a chance to those individuals to show their creativity by making those drawings. Following is the distribution of the budget amount in various operational activities: Start up expenses such as stationery etc.: $5,000 Counter are equipment cost: $10,000 Operational cost for initial first quarter (payment of bills, salaries to workers etc.): $30,000 Start up inventory cost: $30,000 Marketing promotion expenditure: $20,000 Miscellaneous expenses: $5,000 Potential problems with making or launching the product There are few potential problems with the making and the launching of the product in the market such as: To gather individuals living below poverty line and make them ready to learn the manufacturing of the paper bags, it is one of the biggest difficulties which can arise in the process of planning this new product (Barber, 2008). The increased competition, there are several other paper bag manufacturers in the world which makes difficult for Oxfam to deliver the significance of its product to the existing customer group. There are some problems in the launching of the product too, basically in the promotional activity. As on the various social media platforms the organization is highly recognized as a charitable organization rather than a retail business. Thus advertising on these social media platforms can pose a negative impact over the charitable image of the organization and thus it makes the promotional activity a much tough job (Lambell, et al., 2008). References Aldashev, G. and Verdier, T., 2009. When NGOs go global: Competition on international markets for development donations.Journal of International Economics,79(2), pp.198-210. Barber, C., 2008. Notes on poverty and inequality.Oxfam International Series: From. Chew, C. and Osborne, S.P., 2009. Exploring strategic positioning in the UK charitable sector: Emerging evidence from charitable organizations that provide public services.British Journal of Management,20(1), pp.90-105. Davies, T.R., 2012. The Transformation of International NGOs and Their Impact on Development Aid. InInternational Development Policy: Aid, Emerging Economies and Global Policies(pp. 48-59). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Lambell, R., Ramia, G., Nyland, C. and Michelotti, M., 2008. NGOs and international business research: Progress, prospects and problems.International Journal of Management Reviews,10(1), pp.75-92. Lawson, M., Mazengera, S., Nkhoma-Mbawa, F. and Noel, T., 2008.Malawi essential health services campaign. Oxfam International. Lewis, D., 2010. Nongovernmental organizations, definition and history. InInternational Encyclopedia of Civil Society(pp. 1056-1062). Springer US. McLeish, B.J., 2010.Successful marketing strategies for nonprofit organizations: Winning in the age of the elusive donor. John Wiley Sons. Neuman, S., 2014. Oxfam: The Worlds Richest 1 Percent Control Half of the Global Wealth.NPR: The Two Way, January,20. Accessed on: 18th January, 2016. Accessed from: https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/01/20/264241052/oxfam-worlds-richest-1-percent-control-half-of-global-wealth Oxfam International, 2015.Our Commitment to Human Rights. https://www.oxfam.org/en/our-commitment-human-rights OXFAM International, 2016.Our Purpose and Belief. Accessed on: 18th January, 2016. Accessed from: https://www.oxfam.org/en/about/what/purpose-and-beliefs Oxfam Trailwalker, 2016. About Oxfam. Accessed on: 18th January, 2016. Accessed from: https://www.oxfamtrailwalker.org.nz/about/oxfam Pope, J.A., Isely, E.S. and Asamoa?Tutu, F., 2009. Developing a marketing strategy for nonprofit organizations: An exploratory study.Journal of Nonprofit public sector marketing,21(2), pp.184-201. Raworth, K., 2012. A safe and just space for humanity: can we live within the doughnut.Oxfam Policy and Practice: Climate Change and Resilience,8(1), pp.1-26. Winston, W. and Kinzey, R.E., 2013.Using public relations strategies to promote your nonprofit organization. Routledge.

Pregnancy Discrimination in the Workplace free essay sample

Tonight I would like to talk to you about the obstacles faced by pregnant women in the workplace. I will talk about the barriers we face today, as well as those which women of the past had to overcome to be successful working mothers. The laws that protect pregnant women today are something expectant mothers of the past dreamed of as they faced discrimination in the forms of demotion, forced unpaid leave and more. Before 1978, women who became pregnant while employed had a lot more than their health to be concerned about. There were no laws in place to help protect them from discrimination. In those days, pregnancy was considered a disability. Many women were simply fired the moment their employer found out about their condition. In some cases, women were forced to resign as soon as their baby belly began to show, or at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy. We will write a custom essay sample on Pregnancy Discrimination in the Workplace or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These occurrences were especially common in physically demanding positions. Employers were not required to provide special accommodations, such as lifting limits and restroom breaks, to mommies-to-be. These facts led to many women struggling to support themselves and their families. Some women were refused work altogether. Denial of medical leave was not uncommon, either. Women were left without health insurance and other benefits, or were even charged extra for certain services. Returning to work after taking leave was an extremely rare instance among new mothers in these days. However, in 1978, US Congress introduced the Pregnancy Discrimination Act. This newly passed law became an important aspect of civil rights. It requires employers to provide pregnant women with the same respect and consideration as other workers with medical issues. It regulates hiring/firing procedures, ensuring women that work will be available to them as long as they are healthy and able to perform their basic job functions.

Teenagers play computer games too much Essay Essays

Teenagers play computer games too much Essay Essays Teenagers play computer games too much Essay Essay Teenagers play computer games too much Essay Essay In modern society. it is really common playing computing machine games. Even though computing machine games are common in our life. they have non merely good effects. but besides bad effects. particularly to adolescents. Furthermore. even though parents know that adolescents play computing machine games excessively much. they do non cognize that why adolescents are widely excited at computing machine games. and what the bad effects of computing machine games are. There are two chief causes that adolescents play computing machine games excessively much. In add-on. playing computing machine games excessively much has two chief effects. The first ground that adolescents play computing machine games excessively much is really simple. because computing machine games are really fun. Computer games’ aims focal point on to alleviate emphasis. Therefore. computing machine games are really glorious and exciting. Clearly. adolescents are dazzled to computing machine games because of this point. In add-on to merriment. computing machine games are easy to pass clip and immerse. Teenagers’ thought has non formed wholly yet. hence. they easy lose their thought while they are playing computing machine games. This province makes that easy to pass clip. Furthermore. adolescents are easy immersed to computing machine games. as computing machine games make brumous adolescents. These two causes affect that adolescents play computing machine games excessively much. Adolescents are excited to computing machine games because computing machine games are really fun. and besides computing machine games could pass clip and plunge really easy. Furthermore. computing machine games affect severely to adolescents. Besides. computing machine games affect that adolescents be lazy and do merely thing that they want. Computer games are inactive activity. Teenagers merely remain at place and sit in forepart of computing machines. On the land of that ground. adolescents become lazy. Furthermore. adolescents become as an egoist. Even if adolescents should make something. they do non make that. because they do non desire do that. In brief. adolescents become lazy and self-importance. as they play computing machine games excessively much. The 2nd consequence of computing machine games is that computing machine games make adolescents more violent and misconstruing that they are characters of the games. Computer games are really violent now yearss and adolescents become violently while they play computing machine games. Harmonizing to P. M. Greenfield. who wrote â€Å"Mind and Media† . said in her book. â€Å"Video games have violent content ; Television has violent content ; amusing books had violent content ; films have violent content. There has long been the brief that violent content may learn violent behaviour† ( â€Å"Mind and Media† . 102 ) . Furthermore. Barrie Gunter asserted. â€Å"Extrapolating †¦ from playing computing machine or picture games with violent subjects. such as heightening of perceptual experiences hazard or danger in the existent universe. † ( â€Å"The effects of video games on children† . 90 ) . Besides he declared in same book. â€Å"The power of picture or computing machine games may besides deduce signifier the feeling of control which they stimulate in immature players† ( 93 ) . Therefore. computing machine games drive adolescents more violent. Besides. adolescents could misconstrue that they are computing machine games character. For illustration. in Korea. one male child killed his younger sister with and axe. as he thought that it is merely game. In decision. computing machine games affect to adolescents that they become violent and do non cognize which is existent life. The old causes and effects are bad face of computing machine games. Even if computing machine games have some good effects. in fact. computing machine games have a batch more bad effects than good effects. Therefore. adolescents should be observed. if they play computing machine games excessively much. Plants cited: Greenfield. Patricia Marks. Mind and media. United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. 1984. Gunter. Barrie. The Effects of Video Games on Children. England. Sheffield Academic Press. 1998

Physical Assesment Case Study Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Physical Assesment Case Study - Research Paper Example Client was awake, alert and coherent. Physical assessment revealed erythematous plaques covering both cheeks, and at the bridge of her nose, without affecting the nasolabial folds or any other part of her body. Aside from that, her head was found to be normocephalic with no signs of trauma or other deformities. She had clear white sclera and clear conjunctiva; her pupils were reactive to both light and accommodation. Erythema was noted on the posterior wall of her pharynx, and ulcers were found on both of her buccal mucosa. Her neck showed no swelling or bumps, and no traces of lymphadenopathy or thyromegaly. Patient had no trouble achieving full range of motion in her joints with no obvious swelling or deformities. Patient’s vital signs showed a normal heart rate at 62 beats per minute, normal respiratory rate at 12 breaths per minute, a normal blood pressure of 112/66 mmHg, and an elevated temperature of 100.3 degrees Fahrenheit. Interview and Health History Patient reported that the rash was first noticed after a week outdoor hiking and camping in the Appalachians. She denies exposure to any new skin products, usage of medications, environmental exposure, and food allergies. She has not taken any medication for the rash. She denies experiencing headache, sore throat, ear pain, nasal congestion, chest pain, shortness of breath, cough, pain during urination, urination and diarrhea. She reports no stiffness in the joints or difficulty in getting up in the morning. The only surgical procedure that the patient has undergone was a tonsillectomy at age 9 due to her chronic strep throat infection. Other than that, she has not had any other diseases needing hospitalizations as an adult. An investigation into her family history revealed that her mother had rheumatoid arthritis She does not engage in smoking or recreational drug use, but admits to taking a glass of wine almost every night with dinner. Nursing Care Plan Based on the information, the patientâ€⠄¢s main concern is the rash on her face and what it means. Considering the location, the shape, and the other symptoms, it could be a malar rash pointing to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, but since it is yet to be diagnosed, the more pressing concern is her fatigue. This can be caused by not enough energy being produced to cope with the inflammation going on with her rash, the erythematous posterior wall of her pharynx, and her fever. Her weight loss could also be an effect of this. Fatigue is defined as â€Å"an overwhelming sense of exhaustion and decreased capacity for physical and mental work at the usual level† (Doenges, Moorhouse, & Murr, 2010). The patient verbally reports feeling fatigue after the rash appeared (Sommers, Johnson, & Beery, 2010; Smeltzer & Bare, 2011; WebMD, 2011). In a nursing care plan to take care of the client’s fatigue, the desired outcomes would be that the client will: - Report improved sense of energy - Identify the basis of fatigue and individual areas of control - Perform ADLs and participate in desired activities at level of ability - Participate in recommended treatment program with sufficient energy (Source: Doenges, Moorhouse, & Murr, 2010; Sommers, Johnson, & Beery, 2010) Nursing interventions to help with the patients fatigue are: Intervention: Identify the presence of physical and/or psychological conditions (e.g. infection, nutritional deficiency, depression, trauma, autoimmune disorders, substance use/abuse,

Information Technology Project Management System thinking Essay

Information Technology Project Management System thinking - Essay Example Although Smith says that their 6000-plus health care workers participated in the system's development and implementation, I have found no details on just how this came about. Baker describes the need for the staff to have an ID and password before they could treat hospital patients. Improvement in services, especially pharmacy, is also mentioned, as well as a faster time to get test results in other departments such as X-ray. What isn't mentioned are the obstacles met and resolved during implementation of the new technology. Baker does say that, according to Smith, other systems, not referred to by name, were studied and found to be lacking, and the reason for one failure was because staff usage was voluntary, and not enough people signed up to use it. This is the only reference to an obstacle. Baker says that Smith attributes the success of Epic at ENH to the commitment of management to make it a priority. In fact, most of the credit is given to management, even though cooperation o f staff appeared to be very much a contributing factor. Although Baker did describe the system set up with staff to make the system work, none of the pros or cons faced by them was covered. Comments: In past years, especially before the year 2000, patient record keeping in health institutions focused far more on the financial records of the institution, with computer usage mostly in accounting. Patient tracking did not always exist as a complete package, combining physician, laboratory, hospital, and information records. Because of layoffs in the health field, in clerical as well as medical areas, filing was not always up to date, and records were sometimes missing. This led to medical errors. The computer as an interconnected unit collecting all information on a single patient was not being utilized. As the millennium drew near, the need for updated systems of communication through information technology became evident, and a concerted effort was made to prevent data loss with the advent of Y2K. Even though the anticipated problems never really materialized, the use of electronics became the system of choice for record keeping and intercommunication. The institution of new pro grams and increased computer usage meant setting up training programs for workers who often had no previous computer knowledge. One factor not addressed in Baker's article is whether management explored assistive technology to aid disabled people in an age in which the emphasis is on equal access and function. According to a recent article on access for the disabled, "at the systems (or public technology) level, technology provides access that enhances community integration and equal opportunity. ("Technology for Access and Function," par. 3). In looking to the future of information technology in health care, the events that followed Hurricane Katrina and Rita in Louisiana were unprecedented, and that state finds itself rebuilding its health care system. The Rand Corporation set up an institute for a

The man who wasnt there Essay Example for Free

The man who wasnt there Essay Explain genre theory and, using Chapter 8 of the text as a reference, thoroughly describe the conventions and attributes of your selected genre. Genre theory is used in the study of films in order to facilitate the categorization of films. Genres are dependent on various factors such as story line, who the director is, and what are the audience expectations. A better understanding is knowing the type of movie it is so if someone was to say let’s watch a western movie you’re going to expect gun fights, horses, and Indians and cowboys involved with the film. The clip I selected was â€Å"The Man Who Wasn’t There† an actor that is popular in today’s society that is staring in this film is Billy Bob Thornton. There are multiple genres that are in this movie and they are drama/crime, romance, and comedy. The short clip shows actor Billy Bob Thornton entering a room and the lighting is dark on him but it was light on the man he was speaking to in the room, this setting resembles the drama that is going to be involved in the scene with the actors. When actor Billy Bob Thornton sits down in the chair the lighting is even darker as he ask a question, by the lighting getting darker it presents to the audience that the question he is going to ask is a dark question or something that is not legal. Also the man that Billy Bob Thornton is talking to puts on his fake hair to make himself presentable, which came off to me as someone being sneaky and corrupted but the light shining on him tries to hide his dirty intentions. In my references I have a clip from the movie â€Å"Before the Devil Knows Your Dead†Ã‚  this movie has crime and drama as well these elements are a few that are in the film â€Å"The Man Who Wasn’t There†. Even though both films have different story lines, they are both filled with drama the film â€Å"The Man Who Wasn’t There† describes barber that blackmails his wifes boss and lover for money to invest in dry cleaning, but his plan goes terribly wrong. This is definitely drama and a bit of romance involved in which is part of the genre. The film â€Å"Before the Devil THE MAN WHO 3. Knows Your Dead† talks about two brothers organizing the robbery of their parents jewelry store, and the job goes horribly wrong, triggering a series of events that sends them, their father and one brothers wife hurtling towards a shattering climax. This film also contains drama and crime but what separates the two is the other film has comedy and romance involved with it. The description from the second film has nothing to do with comedy or romance, so you can say it has similarities on some aspects of the film from a drama point of view. Also another example to understand genres is films point out key parts of the film to promote to specific audience for the film or whatever has be successful for the sub genres as well, example you can’t go wrong with a romance film but not everybody likes pure romance films and you can’t go wrong with comedy but nobody likes pure comedy and I believe there is nothing wrong with pure action. An example of a film that can be promoted to a everybody who has qualities that they like to see in  films would be the film â€Å"Warm Bodies† (http://youtu. be/gGRHrr6IYdg) this film has these qualities that can promote to an audience that makes it appealing to watch. In this clip it shows that this film has action, romance, comedy and drama. This increases the chances of the film becoming successful. THE MAN WHO 4 References Goodykoontz, B. , Jacobs, C. P. (2011). Film: From watching to seeing. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. This text is a Constellationâ„ ¢ course digital materials (CDM) title.

Hidden Burden :: essays research papers fc

Hidden Burden In our society we are brainwashed every day and have been since we have exited the womb. What we don’t realize is that we need to train our mind on our own to rise above all the systematically programmed propaganda. Unfortunately, due to this brain washing we are born into, we come packaged and wrapped with the lovely word stereotype; prejudice embedded deep in our mind without knowledge of it until it is confronted and exposed by pure ignorance! Now when you go to a dictionary the first definition most likely to be seen for stereotype is one like so: " —n. 1. a process, now often replaced by more advanced methods, for making metal printing plates by taking a mold of composed type or the like in papier-mà ¢chà © or other material and then taking from this mold a cast in type metal. 2. a plate made by this process. 3. a set form; convention" (Webster’s,797). Further down from that definition should be something like: "—v.t. 1. to make a stereotype of. 2. to characterize or regard as a stereotype" (Webster’s,797). Although this definition is in a dictionary, the true meaning is far beyond that mild perception. The history of the word itself is a quite interesting one. In English, "stereo" is taken from the Greek "stere" or "stereo" - and which meant solid or solid body. Originally it was used to describe metal printing. "The conversion from printing to human psychology may have been commenced by early Russian neurophysiologists during the Pavlov period when stimulus-response motor mechanisms were being researched in animals and humans. In that sense, "dynamic stereotype" came to refer to the end-result of cortical analysis and synthesis of all stimuli arising from both the external and the internal world if the same response always occurred relative to the same stimulus" (Swann). Stereotype evolved into something all of us recognize, not as a type of printing, but as the negative word and feeling it is today. In society stereotyping is around us constantly. Women’s issues, homosexual issues, minority issues, everyday someone is confronted with a stereotype. For example, my friend Omar who is African American has been pulled over and harassed by the police for absolutely nothing. I was there and they didn’t even ask me one question. They completely ignored me until I asked them what Omar did wrong. They just replied with "Mind your own business kid!" I never knew what is was to be like in Omar’s shoes that day and I never will.

Kraft Food’s Case Study

KRAFT FOOD COMPANY Chapter I INTRODUCTION A. COMPANY’S HISTORY According to Frank (2010), in 1903, there was a man named James Lewis Kraft who had begun cheese delivery service at Chicago area after he had been eased out from a cheese company at Buffalo. Every morning, he will buy cheese wholesale and resold it to the local vendors in order to avoid the cheese melt or spoil. The business was successful and several of his brothers who are known as Charles H. , John H. , Fred Walker and Norman had joined the company named J. L Kraft & Bros. Co. in 1909 as permanent employees (MAC 2011).James L. Kraft is a president of the company who had invented a revolutionary process in 1915. This process helps to pasteurize the cheese, thus it would not spoiled easily and can be transported long distances (NNDB 2009). Fundamentally, according to Phillip (2010), in 1920, Kraft purchased a Canadian cheese company and changed it to Kraft Cheese Company in 1924. Kraft Cheese Company had obtained a lot of sales which enable J. L Kraft to expand the company into Germany, Australia and Britain. During World War II, Kraft had supplied 4 million pounds of cheese to Britain.It had showed that Kraft was a main food supplier at that time. In 1945, the Kraft Cheese Company became Kraft Food Company (NNDB 2009). B. COMPANY’S DESCRIPTION Kraft Food Company’s headquarter had been located at Cheltenham, United Kingdom since Kraft has a close connection with the rest of Europe. The manufacturing site had been established at the Ban bury as a global manufacturing base that will supply a variety type of products worldwide in 155 countries including Malaysia, China and United State (Kraft Food Inc. 2010). Kraft Food Company was having more than 100,000 diverse employees all over the world.Currently, Kraft Food Company is a second largest food and beverage company in the world after Nestle. C. TYPE OF PRODUCTS Furthermore, according to Joel (2010), Kraft Food Company is popula r with cheese and dairy, snack foods and confectionary, beverage and convenient foods. However, Kraft Food Company is basically focusing more on cheese and dairy products such as cottage cheese and sour cream. Kraft produces a wide variety of natural cheese and American cheese slices. Besides that, Kraft also been known as snack food brands especially cookies and crackers.Some of popular snacks food offers by Kraft are Kraft cheese Nips, Wheat Thins crackers, Corn Nuts and Garden Harvest toasted chips (Kraft Food 2011). Instead of that, sweet and confectionary food brands produced by Kraft are Oreo cookies, Kraft Mayo with olive oil, Jet-Puffed Marshmallows and Kraft salad dressings whereas for beverage and convenient foods are Kraft Macaroni and Cheese, California Pizza Kitchen and DiGiorno frozen pizzas, Yuban Coffee and Maxwell House (David 2009). Chapter II STRATEGY FORMULATION A. VISION AND MISSION STATEMENTS 1.Kraft Foods Mission Statement: â€Å"Make Today Delicious† I n order to fulfill this mission Kraft Foods Inc. focuses on consumers in everything that they do. The company also understands that actions speak louder than words, so at Kraft Foods, they: – inspire trust. – act like owners. – keep it simple. – are open and inclusive. – tell it like it is. – lead from the head and the heart. – discuss – decide -deliver. 2. Kraft Foods Vision Statement: â€Å"Helping People Around the World to Eat & Live Better† Their vision captures the essence of who they are.Everything they do flows from their vision. They just don't happen to be a business that sells food – it's what they're all about. Their vision is about meeting consumers' needs and making food an easier, healthier, more memorable, and enjoyable part of the life. Revised Mission Statement Here at Kraft Foods we strive to produce superior products and services (2) to our customers (1) ranging from wholesalers to households. The 21st century is sure to bring more innovation, new products, and new food technology (4), thus enabling us to create and deliver better and healthier products.Kraft Foods continues to lead the food industry as the largest food supplier in North America (7) with plans to continue expansion into new and existing global markets (3). We support the goals of the company by applying the highest ethical conduct within our corporate philosophy in all our business transactions (6), treatment of employees (9), and social and environmental policies (8). We at Kraft Foods focus highly on our consumers’ lifestyles and aim to grow profitable in the worlds’ food market and provide a higher than expected return to shareholders (5).Our company takes pride in making today and the future-delicious. 1. ) Customers 2. ) Products and services 3. ) Markets 4. ) Technology 5. ) Concern for survival, growth, and profitability 6. ) Philosophy 7. ) Self-concept 8. ) Concern for public image 9. ) Concern for employees Revised Vision Statement Global leadership in offering the best food products enabling people to eat and live better. Explanation-This revised vision statement incorporates a vision for the Kraft Foods Inc. to become a global leader among its competitors-that is to be the number one.This statement shall encourage the whole organization of the corporation to think not only for the good but for the best. The corporation shall offer not only quality products but the best quality products helping their global market to live better through the consumption of their products. B. EXTERNAL ASSESSMENT 1. Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM) Table 1. Competitive Profile Matrix(CPM) for Kraft Foods Inc. Critical Success Factor | | | | | Rating | Rating | Rating | 1. Advertising| 3| 4| 2| 2. Financial Position| 3| 4| 2| 3. Global Expansion| 3| 4| 2| 4. Market Share| 3| 3| 2| . Product Diversity | 4| 4| 3| 6. Consumer Demands | 4| 3| 3| Average Rating | 20/6= 3. 33| 22/6= 3 . 67| 14/6= 2. 33| Note: 1=major weakness, 2=minor weakness, 3=minor strength, 4=major  strength The Competitive Profile Matrix shows  the relative strength of  Kraft Foods Inc. compared  to its competitors by using the critical success factors in  its industry. By identifying its strengths, we can also identify its relative weaknesses and address them to formulate effective strategies. Kraft Foods Inc. is relatively competitive in its industry, showing 3. 33 as its total score.The company has to improve on global strength, market share and attractiveness as an employer to improve on brand loyalty and customer retention. Its profit margin has a rating of 3 just like the other industry because it is considered as a minor strength for they all want to focus on their brand and customer satisfaction. 2. PESTLE Analysis The PESTLE analysis contains the analysis of Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental environments of a country with reference to a  particular object. The PESTLE analysis of Kraft Foods Inc. is as follows: POLITICALThey support candidates who understand and appreciate the public policies that impact their  business, brands and employees. The company has started a political action committee called Kraftpac or Kraft Political Action Committee which makes  funding to state political parties, committees and candidates. ECONOMIC Kraft is making good earnings from its market involvements via  its products and brands. The company is delivering high quality earnings to  its shareholders despite the difficult economic environment. They are continuously investing in their brands and businesses to further  provide excellent product offerings to their customers.As a result of their investment strategies, the Kraft Foods is very well positioned to deliver sustainable top-tier  performance, with or without Cadbury (Kraft foods financial news, 2011). In 2008, Kraft Foods was once again named to the Dow Jones Sust ainability World Index and the Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index in recognition of the  company’s economic, environmental and social performance. SOCIAL The company took  initiative to improve the  living standards of more than 1 million farmers with effective partnerships with them.They  increased their cocoa and coffee purchase to further benefit their partner farmers. Kraft Foods reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 18% and water consumption by 30% since2005, as measured against total production. Furthermore, the  company improved the nutritional profile of more than 5,500  products during the last five years. They removed nearly 6. 5 million pounds (3  million kg) of salt from products in 2010 and helped to provide more than 1 billion servings of food since 1999 in the United States alone. TECHNOLOGICAL The company keeps consumer needs in  their minds  before designing their strategies.They adapt  and anticipate their needs in order to  mee t them efficiently. The company has employed SAP Net weaver technology platform to ensure effective information and business transformation strategy within all the business units (FBR, 2008). Kraft foods have established a hub and spoke model where a centrally led team focuses on the overall strategies, systems, enabling tools, networks and metrics. And, they have complemented that central team with R&D people the open innovation â€Å"technical scouts†? embedded in each  of Kraft's business units. LEGALThe company abides by the laws, rules, and regulations of the national as well as  international countries in order to sustain its  profitability and its business operations. Almost all of the activities of the company’s food operations outside of the United States are subject to local and national regulations similar to those applicable to Kraft Philippines  businesses and, in some cases,  international regulatory provisions, such as those of the European Uni on relating to labeling, packaging, food  content, pricing, marketing and advertising and related areas.ENVIRONMENTAL Kraft Foods has set an example  in the global industry by determining a push  to reduce the impact of its operations on the environment in the U. S. and  around the world. The company released  its CSR report in 2010 which stated its environmental goals agenda to reduce the effects of energy and the carbon dioxide emissions in food plants to the conservation of water and minimizing excess packaging. They are creating packaging that uses less material, weighs less and reduces impact  on landfills without compromising food safety or freshness.As part of their plan to  reduce our â€Å"carbon footprint,† Kraft foods are improving their energy efficiencies, using  less energy and finding new and cleaner sources of energy. Kraft Foods look for opportunities to reduce the use of water to  minimize the  impact of water discharge and even reuse wat er  in ways that help the environment and save money. Lastly they are not only focusing on creating less waste in the manufacturing process, they are also finding new and better  ways to reuse, treat and even put waste to work. 3. Porter’s Five Forces AnalysisBARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS The food and beverage industry is quite high and competitive in nature. The  prices offered are usually competitive to  remain in the market. THE BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS The buyers preferences changes with the passage of time and they are likely to switch to the seller who offers good  quality at  less price. Wal-Mart has played a  major  role in this case. It offers less priced goods to  attract the buyers ¶ attention. There is a significant opportunity for the buyers to  extract industry and firm profits. THE THREAT OF THE ENTRY OF NEW COMPETITORSThere are already so  many competitors present in the market that there are very less chances for the new comers to se t foot in and enjoy their share in the market. The existing companies have already spent  so much on their brands, quality and positioning that it will be difficult for the new comers to entice switching among consumers. RIVALRY AMONG ESTABLISHED COMPETITIONS Intense competition lies in the food and beverage industry. The main vehicle by which firms in the industry preserve market share  is through brand loyalty and diversification.In general, the products of these  firms are highly elastic with consumers weighing the tradeoff between price and quality between companies and products. Consumers in the industry have minimal switching costs and there is never the guarantee of brand loyalty. Therefore, the way these firms maintain market share is by providing  brand quality at an affordable price. Thus, there is some cooperation among  firms against the erosion of market share to  private label products. With all firms promoting brand quality, there are signals passed onto t he consumer that brand name products are superior  to private label products in quality and elegance.There have been restructurings and realignments at Kraft and at other companies in the industry in order to increase volume and profitability despite increasing input costs, sluggish top  line growth, margin contraction, and rising pension costs. THE THREAT OF SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS OR SERVICES The consumers evaluate the quality of products and their prices with that of others to decide which product to  buy. The treat of substitutes is medium in this case. The  private label products, also referred to as  ? generic? products, pose a serious threat to industry and  firm profits. 4. Input Tools Table 2.External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix for Kraft Foods Inc. Key External Factors| Opportunities| 1. Operates in many fast growing categories| 2. Growing demand for health and wellness products| 3. Decreased input costs [raw materials]| 4. Changing lifestyles. | 5. Increased tr ends of flavor enhancer for bottled water. | 6. Growth in the market overall. | 7. Cadbury acquisition provides new products. | Threats| 1. Increasing trend of dining out| 2. Health concerns| 3. Inflation [transportation]| 4. Unfavorable impact of foreign currency| 5. Customers switching to generic brands. | 6. Intense competition from Mars Inc. Nestle SA| C. INTERNAL ASSESSMENT 1. Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) Matrix Table 3. Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) Matrix for Kraft Foods Inc. Key Internal Threats | Strengths| 1. Strong R;D| 2 Increased organic revenues| 3. Availability| 4. Innovative advertising methods| 5. Diverse range of leading brands| 6. Focus on consumers| 7. Strong distribution network| 8. Strong brand image| 9. World’s second-largest food company| 10. 25% of global revenue from emerging markets| Weaknesses| 1. Difficulty in launching new brands| 2. Most of growth is dependent on acquisitions or expanding into new market. 3. Strong competition from Nestle , Hershey, etc. | 4. Poor performance of North-American segment| 2. Matching  Tools a. Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) Matrix   The  opportunities  and  threats  that  Kraft  Foods  Inc. possesses  are  now matched against its  strengths and  weaknesses by  using the SWOT matrix in order to generate appropriate strategies. Table 4. SWOT MATRIX for Kraft Foods Inc. 1| Strengths| SWOT MATRIX SWOT MATRIX | 1. Strong R;D| | 2. Increased organic revenues| | 3. Availability| | 4. Innovative advertising methods| | 5. Diverse range of leading brands| | 6.Focus on consumers| | 7. Strong Distribution network| | 8. Strong brand image| | 9. World’s second largest food company| | 10. 25% of global revenue from emerging markets| Opportunities| SO Strategies| 1. Operates in many fast growing categories| Focus on retailers and restaurants (O1,S1)Position itself as a healthy food producer (O4, S3, S8)Focus on ready to eat products (O4 S6)Promote r eady to drink beverages (O4, S5, S8)| 2. Growing demand for health and wellness products| | 3. Decreased input costs [raw materials]| | 4. Changing lifestyles. | | 5. Increased trends of flavor enhancer for bottled water. | 6. Growth in the market overall. | | 7. Cadbury acquisition provides new products. | | Threats| ST Strategies| 1. Increasing trend of dining out| Introduce low fat products (T3, S6)Outsource operations to cheaper logistics partners (T4, S7)| 2. Health concerns| | 3. Inflation [transportation]| | 4. Unfavorable impact of foreign currency| | 5. Customers switching to generic brands. | | 6. Intense competition from Mars Inc. , Nestle SA| | SWOT MATRIX SWOT MATRIX | Weaknesses| | 1. Difficulty in launching new brands| | 2. Most of growth is dependent on acquisitions or expanding into new market. | | 3.Strong competition from Nestle, Hershey, etc. | | 4. Poor performance of North-American segment| Opportunities | WO Strategies| 1. Operates in many fast growing categor ies| Look for divestiture in poor performing segmentsSell packaged coffees to cafes (W4, O1)  Ã‚  | 2. Growing demand for health and wellness products| | 3. Decreased input costs [raw materials]| | 4. Changing lifestyles. | | 5. Increased trends of flavor enhancer for bottled water. | | 6. Growth in the market overall. | | 7. Cadbury acquisition provides new products. | | Threats| WT Strategies| 1. Increasing trend of dining out| Launch a sub-brand (brand extension) for ealthier range of products(W3, T2)Market dependent; look into closing lower value markets and look to switch to higher value economies  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  | 2. Health concerns| | 3. Inflation [transportation]| | 4. Unfavorable impact of foreign currency| | 5. Customers switching to generic brands. | | 6. Intense competition from Mars Inc. , Nestle SA| | | | | | IP IP c. Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix Division| Revenue (millions)| Percent Revneues| Profit (millions)| Percent Profit| Relative Market Share| Indus try Growth Rate (%)| Company| $ 42,201| 100%| $2,901| 100%| 0. 38| 6. 41%| In the BCG matrix, Kraft Foods Inc. ervices are presented and compared with industry’s growth rate. The percentage market share of Kraft Foods Inc. was computed as follows: (2010 Kraft Foods net sales/ 2010 industry total net sales) X 100%= $42,201/$111,507= 38% The percentage industry growth rate was obtained from the annual increase in revenues. Table 5. Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix for Kraft Foods Inc. (Global Market Share) Relative market share in the industry (percentage) Relative market share in the industry (percentage) 1. 0 . 50 0. 0 2. . 50 0. 0 +20 0 20 +20 0 20 Industry Sales Growth Rate (Percentage) Industry Sales Growth Rate (Percentage) Question Marks I Question Marks I Stars II Stars II Dogs IV Dogs IV Cash Cows III Cash Cows III Kraft Foods belongs to Question Marks Group seen in Quadrant I, it remains to be competitive enough although its market share is not that high but its g rowth rate in industry is high enough to cover the market. In order to be on Stars the company must pursue an intensive strategy to strengthen the company and meet its goals in the industry. Table 6.Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix for Kraft Foods Inc. (Domestic Market Share) Relative Market Share Position in the Industry Relative Market Share Position in the Industry 1. 0 . 500. 0 2. 0 . 500. 0 Industry Sales Growth Rate (Percentage) Industry Sales Growth Rate (Percentage) +20 0 -20 +20 0 -20 Question Marks I Question Marks I Stars II Stars II Dogs IV Dogs IV Cash Cows III Cash Cows III Kraft Foods belongs to Stars Group seen in Quadrant II, its market share is high and highly competitive in the industry, but because of fast growing market, Kraft is required to have a huge investments to maintain their lead.Division| Revenue (millions)| Percent Revneues| Profit (millions)| Percent Profit| Relative Market Share| Industry Growth Rate (%)| Company| $ 42,201| 100%| $ 2,901| 100%| 0 . 70| 6. 41%| The percentage market share of Kraft Foods Inc. was computed as follows: (2010 Kraft Foods net sales/ 2010 industry total net sales) X 100%= $42,201/$60,287= 70% The percentage industry growth rate was obtained from the annual increase in revenues. d. Internal-External (I/E) Matrix IFE Total Weighted Scores IFE Total Weighted Scores Table 7. Internal-External (I/E) Matrix for Kraft Foods Inc.Strong Average Weak Strong Average Weak 4. 0 High 3. 0 to 4. 0 3. 0 Medium 2. 0 to 2. 99 2. 0 Low 1. 0 to 1. 99 1. 0 4. 0 High 3. 0 to 4. 0 3. 0 Medium 2. 0 to 2. 99 2. 0 Low 2. 0 to 1. 99 1. 0 3. 0 to 4. 0 3. 0 2. 0 to 2. 99 2. 0 1. 0 to 1. 99 1. 0 3. 0 to 4. 0 3. 0 2. 0 to 2. 99 2. 0 1. 0 to 1. 99 1. 0 Grow and buildGrow and build I| 2. 57, 3. 14 2. 57, 3. 14 II | III| IV | Hold and Maintain Hold and Maintain V| VI| VII| VIII| Harvest or Divest Harvest or Divest IX| EFE Total Weighted Scores EFE Total Weighted Scores Division| Revenues (millions)| Percent Revenues| Profit (millio ns)| Percent Profit| IFE Scores| EFE Scores| Company| $ 42,201 | 100%| $ 2,901 | 100%| 2. 57| 3. 14| Kraft Foods Co. is in the Grow and Build position which means that its internal strengths are on the average and response to the external factors are on the above average.This means that Kraft can proceed in doing intensive and integrative strategies as suggested by the IE Matrix. e. Grand Strategy (GS) Matrix Rapid Market Growth Rapid Market Growth Table 8. GS Matrix for Kraft Foods Inc. Quadrant II| Quadrant I 1. Market Development 2. Market Penetration 3. Product Development 4. Forward Integration 5. Backward Integration 6. Horizontal Integration 7. Related Diversification| Quadrant III| Quadrant IV| Strong Competitive Position Strong Competitive Position Weak Competitive Position Weak Competitive Position Slow Market GrowthSlow Market Growth Kraft Foods Inc. falls under Quadrant I which is characterized by rapid market growth and strong competitive position. For Kraft Foods Inc. it would be best for them to continue their concentration on their current markets and strategies that would be best to use are market penetration and market development as suggested earlier in the other matrixes. If Kraft Foods is too heavily committed to a single product, then related diversification may reduce the risks associated with a narrow product line. g. Functional areas of the firm MarketingKraft's management performed an international consumer survey to determine if consumers were aware of the product quality and whether they were receptive to Kraft's product quality. After receiving a favorable survey response, KFI decided to produce an adaptive, revitalization, and business acquisition marketing campaign; tailored for specific foreign markets. An organization can make a creditable business case for product adaptation when the product modification develops into higher revenues and profits. Kraft's product brand managers developed ways and methods to revitalize existing food products to sell in foreign markets.The brand managers revisited products that were more than 35 years old and revitalized them by positioning the products as mild, hot, or spicy and microwavable. Consequently, product revitalization influenced consumer behaviors. Shortly after product revitalization, the initial response occurred when new customers became enticed by the repositioned products and younger consumers became interested in Kraft products. Finance At Kraft, cash is king When Kraft Foods needed to cut costs and free up cash, its supply chain organization rose to the challenge.Better inventory turnover played a leading role in boosting cash flow by 20 percent. If the company could make just the right amount of goods for a market and get them quickly into the hands of the consumer, it would speed up the cycle for converting products to cash. The relationship between inventory and cash flow put Kraft's supply chain organization front and center in the multiyear project. Research, Development ; Quality When it comes to bold thinking, Research, Development ; Quality is the place to be exciting new tastes. Packaging that extends the shelf life of our products – and is biodegradable.State-of-the-art machinery. That’s the kind of thing we’re aiming for. And what we come up with. Kraft Foods R;D Center At Kraft Foods, we have been focusing on inventing delicious foods and improving life quality. Thus we sincerely invite the best R;D staff and establish 6 R;D centers in world. All of our professional knowledge in nutrition and food safety allow us to accelerate product research and development, bringing the best technologies and products to benefit people all over the world. Kraft Foods Global R;D center located in Glenview, Illinois, has established professional labs for hemical and flavor analysis. We attract excellent R;D staffs and provide strong technique supports of product development for North America and other areas in global . We believe innovation is a journey. In 2010, Kraft Foods China launched a strong pipeline of innovative products including OREO Ice Cream Flavor and Mini-snack biscuits. Pacific Whole Grain is the first real whole grain biscuit on the market that has enjoyed great success among Chinese consumers. Production/operation Kraft Foods Inc. is a holding company, our principal source of funds is from our subsidiaries.Our wholly owned subsidiaries currently are not limited by long-term debt or other agreements in their ability to pay cash dividends or make other distributions with respect to their common stock. Reportable Segments We manage and report operating results through three geographic units: Kraft Foods North America, Kraft Foods Europe and Kraft Foods Developing Markets. We manage the operations of Kraft Foods North America and Kraft Foods Europe by product category, and we manage the operations of Kraft Foods Developing Markets by location. Our reportable segments are U. S. Beve rages, U. S. Cheese, U. S. Convenient Meals, U.S. Grocery, U. S. Snacks, Canada ; North America Foodservice, Kraft Foods Europe (formerly known as European Union) and Kraft Foods Developing Markets. †¢ We transitioned our European Biscuit, Chocolate, Coffee and Cheese categories to fully integrated business units, further strengthening our focus on these core categories. To ensure decisions are made faster and closer to our customers and consumers, each category is fully accountable for its financial results, including marketing, manufacturing and R;D. Category leadership, based in Zurich, Switzerland, reports to the Kraft Foods Europe President.These business units now comprise the Kraft Foods Europe segment. Information Systems Innovation can only happen if we’ve got the infrastructure to support it. And everything we do, every minute of the day, relies on having the right technology and information immediately available. Information Systems are the key. But they do mu ch more than just answer helpdesk calls and fix our computers. Information Systems also invent neat solutions to our technological problems, and work out what systems and equipment we need to support our ideas. Chapter III STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION A. EXECUTIVE DECISION RESPONSIBILITIESKey decisions at Kraft are made by the following three organizations: †¢ Global Marketing and Category Development †¢ Commercial Units †¢ Functional Areas Global Marketing and Category Development is responsible for decisions on global category strategies, new product growth platforms and marketing excellence. Commercial Units are responsible for determining the marketing and sales programs that best meet the needs of local consumers and customers, with profit and loss responsibility for the results. Functional Areas are strongly aligned and linked to the Global Marketing ; Category Development group and the two commercial units.The functions are centers for excellence, with responsibilit y for identifying and sharing best practices and using Kraft’s global scale to best advantage. The leaders within these organizations all report directly to the CEO. The leaders are: †¢ Global Marketing and Category Development: – EVP, Global Marketing Resources ; Initiatives – EVP, Global Category Development †¢ Commercial Units: – President, North America Commercial – President, International Commercial †¢ Functional Areas: – EVP, Global Corporate Affairs – EVP ; Chief Financial Officer – EVP, Global Human Resources – EVP, General Counsel ; Corporate Secretary EVP, Global Strategy ; Business Development – EVP ; Chief Information Officer – EVP, Global Technology ; Quality – EVP, Global Supply Chai B. EXECUTIVE DEVELOPMENT ; SUCCESSION †¢ Executive development at Kraft takes place on the job. Unlike other companies where executive development takes place in an academic setting, Kr aft creates management opportunities on the job for its employees. †¢ Beginning even with their earliest assignments, young managers are expected to demonstrate an ability to carry responsibility and sophisticated thinking that’s usually reserved for top tier executives at other companies. As managers ascend the ranks, Kraft encourages them to develop leadership skills such as creativity, the power to persuade and influence, and the willingness to take risks. †¢ Kraft gives its young managers broad authority that helps to challenge themselves and spur their leadership skills. †¢ Each function within Kraft has an Advancement Planning Policy in place. This policy provides the guidelines for identifying replacements for executives. Generally, there are two to three potential replacements already identified for any executive in case he or she leaves the company.C. INSIDER’S VIEW ON KRAFT CULTURE †¢ Insiders have commented that Kraft is very diverse and that they have many qualified minorities in management positions. †¢ Even though working at Kraft is stressful, insiders have commented that many people enjoy working there. †¢ However, insiders have also commented that morale is low due to layoffs and the resultant heavy workloads on the remaining employees. There have also been comments made that employees from acquired companies suffer from low morale because of difficulty in adjusting to Kraft culture.Chapter IV STRATEGY EVALUATION Table 8. Balance Scorecard for Kraft Foods Inc. GOALS| STRATEGIES| MEASURES| TIME COMPLETION| Customer Perspective| | | | Provide quality products for all customers| Product Development| Developing quality products such as low fat and less cholesterol| Immediately after 2013| Internal Business Process| | | | More efficient internal control| Semi-centralization of the organization| A main branch per areas which controls other branches| 4th quarter 2007-2008| Financial perspective| | | |Attain ment of 2011, 2012, and 2013 revenue target| Having a large share in the global economy| Using effective marketing and extensive product developmentCutting cost if possible| 3rd quarter 2013| Learning and growth| | | | Increase industry awareness regarding service in other country. Development of intensive training program for human resources| Intensify marketing promotionsOffering seminars that will enhance skills in communicating and decision-making| Use the partner company’s expertise regarding the marketability of the countryIncrease of effectiveness and efficiency of skill performance| 2nd -3rd quarter 2014Immediately after 2013|As an evaluation tool, the balanced scorecard shows the various selected key strategies on aspects of consumer perspective, interval business processes, financial perspective and learning growth. A set of quantitative measures has been enumerated for each strategy to enable the company to monitor progress or strategy attainment on a regular basis and review whether these need to be changed or revised SUMMARY Kraft Foods remains to be competitive enough although its global market share is not that high but its growth rate in industry is high enough to cover the market.The company must pursue an intensive strategy to strengthen the company and meet its goals in the industry. Its domestic market share is high and highly competitive in the industry, but because of fast growing market, Kraft is required to have a huge investment to maintain their lead. Kraft Foods Co. internal strengths are on the average and response to the external factors are on the above average. This means that Kraft can proceed in doing intensive and integrative strategies as suggested by the I/E Matrix. For Kraft Foods Inc. t would be best for them to continue their concentration on their current markets and strategies that would be best to use are market penetration and market development as suggested earlier in the other matrixes. If Kraft Foods is too heavily committed to a single product, then related diversification may reduce the risks associated with a narrow product line. CONCLUSION Food industry is one of the fast growing industries ever since it started to appear  in the global market. United States is the home where leading food companies are  principally  located.Indeed  the  advance  technological  adaptation  in  this country led the food industry to become innovative and more eager to develop new products as time goes by. The challenge in this industry is the tough competition of the various companies belonging in the same industry. On how they could penetrate the market and what would be their advantage over their  competitor. Kraft Foods is one of the companies belonging in this category. It can achieve its leadership and growth by doing intensive promotion and management of its existing clients and venturing other countries to promote business. RECOMMENDATONSRECOMMENDED REVISE ORGANIZATIONAL STR UCTURE. The organizational structure of the company is fully a centralized one. It is only compose of the top executives of the company. We suggest the that company develop a line and staff structure wherein the middle and lower level of the organization is seen and have a direct communication in terms of decision making and finding solutions to the problems both on top to lower level management. RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES Upon the using the matrixes presented, the following are the recommended strategies that Kraft Foods Inc. should use. Market Penetration Increase advertising expenditures and specifically target the household population. †¢Offer extensive sales promotion during peak season and creating bonus packages. †¢Decrease the cost of the product if it would be possible so that buyers will be attracted to patronize it. Product Development †¢Develop  products  containing  low  fat  and  calories  for  those  healthconscious individuals. †¢Dev elop  confectionary  products  that  are  sugar  free  to  attract  retiringindividuals. †¢Package products that are inter-related †¢Improve technological systems, especially the  online  shopping  center for  mothers at home.BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www. kraftfoodscompany. com/SiteCollectionDocuments/pdf/KFT_RDQ_Innovatio n_Investments_FactSheet. pdf http://www. kraftfoodscompany. com http://www. Kraft. com http://www. Kraft's Cadbury Deal May Force Cocoa Consolidation, Moneynews. com http://www. scribd. com/doc/77538204/Kraft-Matrixes http://www. management480. wikispaces. com/file/view/Kraft. ppt http://www. mondelezinternational. com/ph/en/home/index. aspx CURRICULUM VITAE JENEVA V. VICENTE Rizal East, San Isidro, Isabela Mobile No. 09358723111 ————————————————- EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: TERTIARYBS in Business Administration Major in Manage ment Accounting Isabela State University – Echague San Fabian, Echague, Isabela * SECONDARYSan Isidro National High School San Isidro, Isabela S. Y. 2008-2009 * PRIMARYSan Isidro West Central School San Isidro, Isabela S. Y. 2004-2005 PERSONAL DATA: Date of Birth:March 9, 1993 Age:19 Civil Status:Single Gender:Female Height:5’ Weight:45 kgs. Religion:Pentecostal Christian Nationality:Filipino Language Spoken:Tagalog, English I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Jeneva V.Vicente JOANA MARIE S. MARQUEZ Mabini,Alicia, Isabela Mobile No. 09267907457 ————————————————- EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: * TERTIARYBS in Business Administration Major in Management Accounting Isabela State University – Echague San Fabian, Echague, Isabela * SECONDARYAlicia National High School Paddad, Alicia, Isabela S. Y. 2008-2009 * PRIMARYMabini Elementary School Mabini, Alicia, Isabela S. Y. 2004-2005 PERSONAL DATA: Date of Birth:March 30, 1993 Age:19 Civil Status:Single Gender:Female Height:5’1 Weight:48 kgs. Religion:Roman Catholic Nationality:FilipinoLanguage Spoken:Tagalog, English I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Joana Marie S. Marquez Reila A. Abenojar Rizal East, San Isidro, Isabela Mobile No. 09358194873 ————————————————- EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: * TERTIARYBS in Business Administration Major in Management Accounting Isabela State University – Echague San Fabian, Echague, Isabela * SECONDARYSan Isidro National High School San Isidro, Isabela S. Y. 2006-2007 * PRIMARYSan Isidro West Central School San Isidro, Isabela S. Y. 2002-2003 PERSONAL DATA:Date of Birth:July 20, 1990 Age:22 Civil Status:Sing le Gender:Female Height:5’ Weight:40 kgs. Religion:Methodist Nationality:Filipino Language Spoken:Tagalog, English I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Reila A. Abenojar Angela V. Almolanida San Fabian, Echague, Isabela Mobile No. 09068334307 ————————————————- EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: * TERTIARYBS in Business Administration Major in Management Accounting Isabela State University – Echague San Fabian, Echague, Isabela * SECONDARYEchague National High SchoolSan Fabian, Echague, Isabela S. Y. 2008-2009 * PRIMARYBanaba Elementary School Banaba, Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac S. Y. 2004-2005 PERSONAL DATA: Date of Birth:October 21, 1992 Age:19 Civil Status:Single Gender:Female Height:5’2 Weight:40 kgs. Religion:Roman Catholic Nationality:Filipino Language Spoken:Tagalog, English I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Angela Almolanida Joylyn M. Adop Catabban, Burgos, Isabela Mobile No. 09359504631 ————————————————- EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: * TERTIARYBS in Business AdministrationMajor in Management Accounting Isabela State University – Echague San Fabian, Echague, Isabela * SECONDARYDona Aurora National High School Sta. Rita, Aurora, Isabela S. Y. 2008-2009 * PRIMARYCatabban Elementary School Catabban, Burgos, Isabela S. Y. 2004-2005 PERSONAL DATA: Date of Birth:February 22, 1993 Age:19 Civil Status:Single Gender:Female Height:5’3† Weight:48 kgs. Religion:Born Again Christian Nationality:Filipino Language Spoken:Tagalog, English I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Joylyn M. Adop Gaymarie A. FelipeBagong Tanza, Aurora, I sabela Mobile No. 09359029090 ————————————————- EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: * TERTIARYBS in Business Administration Major in Management Accounting Isabela State University – Echague San Fabian, Echague, Isabela * SECONDARYDona Aurora National High School Sta. Rita, Aurora, Isabela S. Y. 2008-2009 * PRIMARYBagong Tanza Elementary School Bagong Tanza, Aurora, Isabela S. Y. 2004-2005 PERSONAL DATA: Date of Birth:September 26, 1992 Age:20 Civil Status:Single Gender:Female Height:5’4† Weight:58 kgs. Religion:Latter-Day Saints Nationality:FilipinoLanguage Spoken:Tagalog, English I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Gaymarie A. Felipe Ryan A. Darang Silauan Sur, Echague, Isabela Mobile No. 09352083261 ————————————â €”———- EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: * TERTIARYBS in Business Administration Major in Management Accounting Isabela State University – Echague San Fabian, Echague, Isabela * SECONDARYEchague National High School San Fabian, Echague, Isabela S. Y. 2008-2009 * PRIMARYEchague West Central School San Fabian, Echague, Isabela S. Y. 2004-2005PERSONAL DATA: Date of Birth:November 23, 1992 Age:19 Civil Status:Single Gender:Female Height:5’6† Weight:55 kgs. Religion:Born Again Christian Nationality:Filipino Language Spoken:Tagalog, English I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Ryan A. Darang Vic Rodriguez Catabban, Burgos, Isabela Mobile No. 09359504631 ————————————————- EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: * TERTIARYBS in Business Administration Major in Management Accounting Isabela State University – Echague San Fabian, Echague, Isabela SECONDARYDona Aurora National High School Sta. Rita, Aurora, Isabela S. Y. 2008-2009 * PRIMARYCatabban Elementary School Catabban, Burgos, Isabela S. Y. 2004-2005 PERSONAL DATA: Date of Birth:February 22, 1993 Age:19 Civil Status:Single Gender:Female Height:5’3† Weight:48 kgs. Religion:Pentecostal Christian Nationality:Filipino Language Spoken:Tagalog, English I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Vic Rodriguez Fernando Ramos Catabban, Burgos, Isabela Mobile No. 09359504631 ————————————————- EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: TERTIARYBS in Business Administration Major in Management Accounting Isabela State University – Echague San Fabian, Echague, Isabela * SECONDARYDona Aurora National High School Sta. Rita, Aurora, Isabela S. Y. 2008-2009 * PRIMARYCatabban Elementary School Catabban, Burgos, Isabela S. Y. 2004-2005 PERSONAL DATA: Date of Birth:February 22, 1993 Age:19 Civil Status:Single Gender:Female Height:5’3† Weight:48 kgs. Religion:Pentecostal Christian Nationality:Filipino Language Spoken:Tagalog, English I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Fernando Ramos